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    通過ADO.NET存取文件
    來源:易賢網(wǎng) 閱讀:993 次 日期:2014-08-20 14:00:03
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    有時(shí)我們需要把一些大的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)象如圖片、可執(zhí)行文件、視頻和文檔等數(shù)據(jù)存入數(shù)據(jù)庫。在MS SQL Server中,這要用到Image數(shù)據(jù)類型,可以保存多達(dá)2G的數(shù)據(jù)。以下給出一個(gè)通過ADO.NET和MS SQL Server實(shí)現(xiàn)的小小的例子。

    先創(chuàng)建一個(gè)測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)表。

    在查詢分析器中輸入并執(zhí)行以下語句:

    Create table [imgtable](

    [imgid] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,

    [imgname] [varchar](100) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL,

    [imgData] [image] NULL,

    PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

    [imgid]

    ) ON [PRIMARY]

    ) ON [PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY]

    這要在你所選的數(shù)據(jù)庫中就多了一個(gè)名叫imgtable的表。

    VS中的代碼如下:

    using System;

    using System.Drawing;

    using System.Collections;

    using System.ComponentModel;

    using System.Windows.Forms;

    using System.Data;

    using System.Data.SqlClient;

    using System.IO;

    namespace ADO_Demo

    {

    /// <summary>

    /// Form1 的摘要說明。

    /// </summary>

    public class ADO_Demo : System.Windows.Forms.Form

    {

    private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;

    private System.Windows.Forms.Button button2;

    private System.Windows.Forms.PictureBox pictureBox1;

    private System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog openFileDialog1;

    private System.Windows.Forms.Button button3;

    /// <summary>

    /// 必需的設(shè)計(jì)器變量。

    /// </summary>

    private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;

    public ADO_Demo()

    {

    //

    // Windows 窗體設(shè)計(jì)器支持所必需的

    //

    InitializeComponent();

    //

    // TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 調(diào)用后添加任何構(gòu)造函數(shù)代碼

    //

    }

    /// <summary>

    /// 清理所有正在使用的資源。

    /// </summary>

    protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )

    {

    if( disposing )

    {

    if (components != null)

    {

    components.Dispose();

    }

    }

    base.Dispose( disposing );

    }

    #region Windows 窗體設(shè)計(jì)器生成的代碼

    /// <summary>

    /// 設(shè)計(jì)器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代碼編輯器修改

    /// 此方法的內(nèi)容。

    /// </summary>

    private void InitializeComponent()

    {

    this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

    this.button2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

    this.pictureBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.PictureBox();

    this.openFileDialog1 = new System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog();

    this.button3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

    this.SuspendLayout();

    //

    // button1

    //

    this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(368, 48);

    this.button1.Name = "button1";

    this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(104, 23);

    this.button1.TabIndex = 0;

    this.button1.Text = "保存圖片";

    this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);

    //

    // button2

    //

    this.button2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(368, 120);

    this.button2.Name = "button2";

    this.button2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(104, 23);

    this.button2.TabIndex = 1;

    this.button2.Text = "顯示圖片";

    this.button2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button2_Click);

    //

    // pictureBox1

    //

    this.pictureBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(8, 16);

    this.pictureBox1.Name = "pictureBox1";

    this.pictureBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(312, 288);

    this.pictureBox1.TabIndex = 2;

    this.pictureBox1.TabStop = false;

    //

    // openFileDialog1

    //

    this.openFileDialog1.FileOk += new System.ComponentModel.CancelEventHandler(this.openFileDialog1_FileOk);

    //

    // button3

    //

    this.button3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(368, 200);

    this.button3.Name = "button3";

    this.button3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(104, 23);

    this.button3.TabIndex = 1;

    this.button3.Text = "讀取文件并打開";

    this.button3.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button3_Click);

    //

    // ADO_Demo

    //

    this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14);

    this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(496, 317);

    this.Controls.Add(this.pictureBox1);

    this.Controls.Add(this.button2);

    this.Controls.Add(this.button1);

    this.Controls.Add(this.button3);

    this.Name = "ADO_Demo";

    this.Text = "ADO_Demo";

    this.ResumeLayout(false);

    }

    #endregion

    /// <summary>

    /// 應(yīng)用程序的主入口點(diǎn)。

    /// </summary>

    [STAThread]

    static void Main()

    {

    application.Run(new ADO_Demo());

    }

     

    /// <summary>

    /// 點(diǎn)擊打開文件對(duì)話框確定按鈕,將文件保存到數(shù)據(jù)庫中

    /// </summary>

    /// <param name="sender"></param>

    /// <param name="e"></param>

    private void openFileDialog1_FileOk(object sender, System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs e)

    {

    string filename = this.openFileDialog1.FileName;

    SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("server=192.168.2.200;integrated security = sspi;database = northwind");

    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("insert imgtable values(@imgname,@imgData)",conn);

    SqlParameter pm = new SqlParameter("@imgname",SqlDbType.VarChar,100);

    pm.Value = filename;

    SqlParameter pm1 = new SqlParameter("@imgData",SqlDbType.Image);

    FileStream fs = new FileStream(filename,FileMode.Open);

    int len = (int)fs.Length;

    byte[] fileData = new byte[len];

    fs.Read(fileData,0,len);

    fs.Close();

    pm1.Value = fileData;

    cmd.Parameters.Add(pm);

    cmd.Parameters.Add(pm1);

    conn.Open();

    try

    {

    cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();

    }

    catch(Exception ex)

    {

    MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);

    }

    }

    private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

    {

    this.openFileDialog1.ShowDialog();

    }

    /// <summary>

    /// 從數(shù)據(jù)庫中讀取bitmap圖片并顯示

    /// </summary>

    /// <param name="sender"></param>

    /// <param name="e"></param>

    private void button2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

    {

    SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("server=192.168.2.200;integrated security = sspi;database = northwind");

    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("select * from imgtable where imgname like '%bmp%'",conn);

    conn.Open();

    SqlDataReader dr;

    try

    {

    dr = cmd.ExecuteReader();

    dr.Read();

    System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlBinary sb = dr.GetSqlBinary(2);

    //或byte[] imageData = (byte[])dr[2];

    MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(sb.Value);//在內(nèi)存中操作圖片數(shù)據(jù)

    Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(Bitmap.FromStream(ms));

    this.pictureBox1.Image = bmp;

    dr.Close();

    }

    catch(Exception ex)

    {

    MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);

    }

    finally

    {

    conn.Close();

    }

    }

    /// <summary>

    /// 讀取文件并保存到硬盤,然后打開文件

    /// </summary>

    /// <param name="sender"></param>

    /// <param name="e"></param>

    private void button3_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

    {

    SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("server=192.168.2.200;integrated security = sspi;database = northwind");

    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("select * from imgtable where imgname like '%doc'",conn);

    conn.Open();

    SqlDataReader dr;

    try

    {

    dr = cmd.ExecuteReader();

    dr.Read();

    System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlBinary sb = dr.GetSqlBinary(2);

    //或byte[] imageData = (byte[])dr[2];

    //FileStream fs = new FileStream(@"C: emp.bmp",FileMode.Create);

    string filename = @"C:\" + System.IO.Path.GetFileName(dr.GetString(1));

    FileStream fs = new FileStream(filename,FileMode.Create);

    fs.Write(sb.Value,0,sb.Value.Length);

    fs.Close();

    //this.pictureBox1.Image = Image.FromFile(@"C: emp.bmp");

    System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(filename);

    dr.Close();

    }

    catch(Exception ex)

    {

    MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);

    }

    finally

    {

    conn.Close();

    }

    }

    }

    }

    直接把整個(gè)文件讀取到內(nèi)存中的數(shù)組里對(duì)于小文件來說是沒問題的,但如果是大文件,特別是大小都超過了物理內(nèi)存的文件,可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的內(nèi)存問題,需要分段讀取,并分段寫到數(shù)據(jù)庫。

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